Class 5 :: Social Studies :: Agriculture of India (My World and I)

Agriculture of India

(My World and I)

A. Match the following:

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A	B
1. food grains	a) every part is useful.[5]
2. jute	b) winter crop.[4]
3. cotton	c) carpet, ropes, sacks.[2]
4. wheat	d) rice, wheat and millet.[1]
5. coconut	e) burst boll.[3]

B. Fill in the blanks in the following diagram:

Ploughing=>Seed Sowing=>Irrigation=>Plant Grows=>Fertilizing=>Harvesting

C. Write true or false:

1. After oil seeds are crushed the left over material is thrown away.[F]

2. Oil seeds are grown in the Deccan Plateau and the dry western areas of India.[T]

3. Manure and compost are chemical fertilizers.[F]

4. Many people feel that organic farming is better for health.[T]

5. India is the topmost producer of milk.[T]

D. Answer the following questions:

1. What is the difference between a food crop and cash crop.

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Food Crop	Cash Crop
i) These are grown for food, either to be used by the farmers or to sell.	i) These are grown by the farmer only to sell.
ii) Example:- Rice, wheat, millet etc.	ii) Example:- Oil seeds, Cotton, Sugarcane, Jute, Tea, Cotton etc.

2. What are the different types of crops grown in fields, plantations and orchards?

= Fields are small areas of land for crops like wheat, rice or mustard.

Plantations are large areas to grow plants and trees like tea or coconut.

Orchards are farms that only grow fruit trees like mango or apple trees.

3. Explain the importance of ploughing, irrigation and fertilizing to get good crops.

= Importance of ploughing:- The soil is made ready for planting by ploughing. It is done by digging or turning over the soil. In ancient ages, farmers ploughed fields using animals. In many places farmers now use machines to do some work. For example, tractors are used to plough the land.

Importance of irrigation:- Sufficient water is needed to irrigate the crops. In old ages, people depended on the rains to irrigate their crops. Now canals have been dug to help framers. They carry river water to dry areas.

Importance of fertilizing:- The farmer adds fertilizers to make the plants grow well. In ancient days, farmers used animal manure or compost - to help plant growth. Present-day farmers use chemical fertilizers and pesticides more.

4. Write a brief paragraph on the Green Revolution.

= Green Revolution:- Food grains produces in India were not always sufficient to feed a growing population. In the mid-20th century, there was the 'Green Revolution'. New seeds that could produce more food per crop were developed. These needed chemical fertilizers and pesticides. More and more farmers used these, so India was able to produce enough food grains for its needs. Tractors have been used to plough fields. Canals have been dug for irrigation. Television and Internet provide information about seeds and prices of crops to farmers, which is very helpful for them.

5. How do tractors and canals help the farmers ?

= Tractors are use to plough fields and canals have been dug for irrigation. The tractors reduces the hard work of the farmers. Earlier the farmers had to depend to on rain water only. But now they can cultivate all the year long because of easy irrigation by canals.

6. Name the livestock kept by Indian farmers.

= The livestock kept by Indian farmers are - cows, buffaloes, goats, sheep and pigs.